Modified TDGL theory | Superconductivity

We formulated time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory of superconductivity for crystals in motion.
The theory applies to rotating and accelerating superconductors of rigid ionic lattice. Unlike in previous treatments we allow for general non-equilibrium processes in which the velocity of normal electrons differs from the velocity of the ionic lattice. In the equilibrium this theory goes to the theory of Verkin and Kulik.

See the paper

Time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations for rotating and accelerating superconductors

P. Lipavský, J. Bok, J. Koláček

Physica C 492 (2013) 144

Sketch of entrainment. Individual wagons correspond to crystal elementary cells on which the electron is reflected. The motion is a mixture of forward and backward trajectories resulting in the mean velocity slower than the free velocity between reflections.